A NEW HDR REPORT IS CONFIRMING INDIA’S BULL RUN
Image Source: India Today
India has achieved great progress on the Human Development Index (HDI), with the country’s score rising to 0.644 in 2022. India ranks 134th out of 193 countries and territories, according to the Human Development Report (HDR).
India’s development was seen in the HDR report titled “Breaking the Gridlock: Reimagining Cooperation in a Polarized World” after a decline in its HDI value in 2021 and a flat trend over the previous few years. The most recent research builds on the findings of the 2021–2022 HDR, which showed that the global HDI value fell for the first time in two years.
INDIA EMERGED AS A BRIGHT SPOT IN THE REPORT
India has made significant progress in human development since 1990, with life expectancy at birth rising by 9.1 years, expected years of schooling increasing by 4.6 years, and mean years of schooling growing by 3.8 years. However, a renewed focus on women-led development and digital public goods could further unlock socio-economic progress.
The report highlights that while the global Human Development Index (HDI) is higher than in 2019, the poorest countries are still struggling, highlighting the need for urgent collective action to address the ‘partial, incomplete, and unequal’ recovery caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
DETAIL COMPARISON OF INDIAN HDI TRENDS AND GLOBAL HDI TRENDS
With an HDI value of 0.644, the current HDR classifies India as having medium human development. Between 1990 and 2022, the country’s HDI value rose by 48.4 percent, from 0.434 in 1990 to 0.644 in 2022. India has also made progress in eliminating gender inequality, ranking 108th out of 166 nations in the GII 2022. The GII assesses gender disparities across three critical dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and the labour market.
The country’s GII score of 0.437 is higher than the global average of 0.462 and the South Asian average of 0.478*. India does better in reproductive health than other nations with medium human development or in South Asia. India’s adolescent birth rate in 2022 was 16.3 (births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 19), up from 17.1 in 2021. However, India has one of the greatest gender gaps in labour force participation rates, with a 47.8 percentage point discrepancy between women (28.3%) and males (76.1%).
GLOBAL INEQUALITY IS STILL A MAJOR CONCERN
The global inequality gap has widened since 2020, despite 20 years of convergence. Economic concentration, with 40% of global trade concentrated in three or fewer countries, is contributing to these inequalities. South Asia’s loss in the Human Development Index due to inequality is the highest globally.
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